Hyperbranched polymers – tree-like molecules – are not particularly useful for the creation of plastic films and molded parts because they don't entangle. So Virginia Tech researchers have created segmented hyperbranched plastics, which do entangle and result in high-performance polymers.

Virginia Tech chemistry professor Timothy E. Long of Blacksburg will describe the configuration and functionality of the new family of polymers at the 227th Annual Meeting of the American Chemical Society, being held in Anaheim, Calif., March 28 through April 1, 2004.

"We have placed extended sequences between the branch points," Long said. "Think of elastic springs. If a tree's branches were on springs, they would more easily diffuse and entangle."

These new hyperbranched polymers have excellent mechanical properties and lower viscosities, he said. "One of the holy grails of polymer science is a material with excellent mechanical properties that is very easy to process. In this instance, the properties are tensile strength and rheology. These polymers have excellent stress and strain behavior and are less resistant to flow under force or temperature compared to related linear polymers."

He said that any polymer prepared as a linear molecule can be prepared easily in the segmented hyperbranched fashion. "The potential impact is tremendous. It means that we can create higher performance fuel cell materials, biocompatible elastomers, and rapid photo-curable adhesives, for example."

Long will deliver the paper, "Synergies of macromolecular topology and functionality for performance" (POLY 293), at 8:30 a.m. Monday, March 29, in the Anaheim Coast Hotel, room Park D, as part of the P. J. Flory Education Award Symposium. Co-authors are Virginia Tech chemistry students Matthew G. McKee, Afia S. Karikari, and Serkan Unal, former student Iskender Ilgor, now of the Department of Chemistry at Koc University, Istanbul, Virginia Tech chemical engineering professor Garth L. Wilkes, and chemistry professor Thomas C. Ward.

The research was funded by an Army Research Office Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative to understand how branching can result in positive mechanical and rheological properties. Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties Inc. (www.vtip.org) has applied for a patent on the compositions and methods for preparation, and Luna Innovations Inc. of Blacksburg, Va., has received a Small Business Research Program (SBIR) grant to explore some applications, related to coatings.

Abstract:

Synergies of macromolecular topology and functionality for performance

This presentation will highlight recent advances in the preparation of branched and hyperbranched polymers and the influence of branched topologies on mechanical, rheological, surface/adhesion, and processing performance. Various polyesters were prepared using living ring opening polymerization for the formation of star-shaped polymers, melt polycondensation for random long chain branching, and solution polymerization for the preparation of hyperbranched polyols. Fundamental empirical relationships were established between solution rheological performance and the ability to form homogeneous electrospun fibers. In particular, as the solution concentration exceeded the entanglement concentration (Ce), homogeneous fibers were formed for both branched and linear polymer precursors. Hydroxyl functionality at the chain termini is suitable for the introduction of photoactive functional groups and subsequent chain extension for the formation of elastomeric hyperbranched polymeric materials. Moreover, this presentation will highlight the need for education and research at the boundaries of science and engineering, which serves as the basis for this award symposium.

For additional information, contact:

Dr. Long, telong@vt.edu, (540) 231-2480;

Mike Martin, Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties Inc., mike@vtip.org, (540) 951-9374

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